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Retail Dictionary Terms

Our data and expert insights are regularly featured in the retail and business press. We also publish blogs, case studies and whitepapers that explore the latest industry trends and best practice.

There are a lot of terms in retail analytics. You are likely to come across them when reading articles and posts, but do you know what they mean? This dictionary focuses on Retail Analytics terminology and aims to uncover the meaning of such words, their variant terms and acronyms that are sometimes used.

A-E

  • Term: DEAD STOCK

    • Variant term: Unmoving inventory
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Stock that is unsold or has been in stock for some time. Often applies to seasonal products but may simply be those that are not in demand.

  • Term: BACK OF HOUSE RETAIL

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: BOH

    Term used to distinguish the area of retail the customer do not see, where activities such as stock retrieval, cashing up etc are performed.

  • Term: ELECTRONIC POINT OF SALE

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: EPoS

    In store computer systems that perform numerous functions, including payment processing, sales, stock inventory and gathering customer data.

  • Term: Click and Collect

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Where customers buy products online via a website and then come into a store to collect the item ordered. These customers provide upside opportunity for further sales in-store.

  • Term: Comp Store Sales

    • Variant term: Same store sales
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    The measurement of productivity in revenue, comparing sales of retail stores that have been open for a year or more, a pre-eminent measure in retail but be careful without the context of traffic and conversion rate metrics this can be misleading even given its status as a KPI

  • Term: CONVERSION RATE

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: CR

    The percentage of customers that purchase from a location over a defined time period, calculated as:

    Conversion Rate = the number of till or cash register transactions / Traffic.

    (A transaction may have multiple products, but is only counted as one transaction.)

  • Term: BRICKs AND CLICKs

    • Variant term: terms: Omni-Channel; Single Channel Retail
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    A phrase used to link up a physical store with an online ecommerce proposition.

  • Term: BRICKS AND MORTAR

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Refers to physical stores.

  • Term: ARRIVALS

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Customers who physically arrive and check Into an appointment booking/queue system such as Gnats or Oudlnl solution as examples. Often used in service-based environments such as technology stores but could also play Into areas such as Kitchen planning, personal shopper sessions.

  • Term: DWELL TIME

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    The amount of time spent in a location. Increasing customer dwell time increases their propensity to spend in a location. Malls have worked on this in recent years by increasing the number of food and beverage locations, the same principles apply down to individual zones in retail stores.

  • Term: AVERAGE TRANSACTION VALUE

    • Variant term: Basket size
    • Acronyms used: ATV

    The average value of each purchase transaction over a defined time period, calculated as: ATV = total sales value / number of transactions.

  • Term: AUGMENTED REALITY

    • Variant term: Virtual Reality
    • Acronyms used: AR

    Combining technology and real-world environment to provide an immersive enhanced customer experience and drive buying decisions e.g. Ikea uses AR to show customers what furniture would look Iike In their homes.

  • Term: CUSTOMER BEHAVIOUR

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Understanding of the way customers use stores – understanding the customer experience in order to improve the stores performance.

  • Term: e-COMMERCE

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Where customers buy products online via a website for delivery to a location be that home or to a store for collection.

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F-J

  • Term: INVENTORY TURNOVER

    • Variant term: Stock turnover
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    The cost of items sold divided by the average inventory. It is an analysis of the frequency of stock sold within a set time frame e.g. a month, year etc.

  • Term: FRONT OF HOUSE

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: FOH

    Term used for customer facing area, where roles such as sales assisting, till operations, changing room attendance are carried out. Typically moving more resource from the back of house to the front of house is a good thing to achieve creating more customer facing time, which should result in more sales.

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K-O

  • Term: OCCASIONAL TRAFFIC

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    The measure of active Wi-Fi devices detected by Wireless Access Points that return on a predetermined, periodic cycle.

  • Term: OCCUPANCY

    • Variant term: Capacity
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    The number of people within a defined area/venue at any point in time. Typically used to manage capacity to a defined maximum point. This allows the maximum opportunity into the retail space whilst not exceeding any local restrictions imposed by perhaps mall operators or building regulations.

  • Term: MERCHANDISE PRESENTATION MANUAL

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: MPM

    A design strategy to help staff show how products will be displayed within a store, ensuring a consistent presentation of products across all stores of a retail chain.

  • Term: Key Performance Indicator

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: KPI

    A term used way beyond retail, basically one of the key figures that the business will be measured by.

  • Term: NEW TRAFFIC

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Is the measure of active Wi-Fi devices detected by Wireless Access Points for the first time, note each time an individual gets a new device it will be seen as a New Traffic. Typical cycle of a Cell/mobile phone is every 18 Months. Further for the initial period of setting up an environment to capture this data all traffic will be by its nature be defined ‘New’.

  • Term: MISSED OPPORTUNITY

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Missed opportunity is the calculation of the No Shows (to an appointment booking) x ATV.

  • Term: MOBILE PAYMENTS

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Payments made by a customer using a mobile device as a contactless payment method, as opposed to cash or a card.

  • Term: Omni-Channel

    • Variant term: Bricks & Clicks & Single Channel Retail
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    A phrase used to link up a physical store with an online ecommerce proposition.

  • Term: LOSS LEADER

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    A product sold below its cost price in order to generate footfall and attract new customers who might shop more widely from across the store which will drive profit.

  • Term: NO SHOWS

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Customers who make an appointment, but then do not physically check-in to an appointment booking/queue system such as Qmatic or Qudini solution as examples.

  • Term: MULTI-CHANNEL RETAIL

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    A sales strategy that involves multiple channels to drive sales, such as bricks and mortar store, online retail and catalogues.

  • Term: M-COMMERCE

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Where customers buy products via a mobile device, whether via a website or using the device to pay in a bricks and mortar store.

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P-T

  • Term: REGULAR TRAFFIC

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Is the measure of active Wi-Fi devices detected at Wireless Access Points that return on a predetermined, consistent cycle.

  • Term: SALES PER SQUARE FOOT

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: SSPD

    The average revenue generated for every square foot of sales space, calculated as:

    Sales Per Square Foot = Total revenue / Total square footage of sales S=space.

  • Term: SELL-THROUGH RATE

    • Variant term: Sell Through Analysis
    • Acronyms used: STR

    A percentage representation of the stock received from a manufacturer vs. the volume of stock sold. A comparison.

  • Term: RETAIL PERFORMANCE GRID

    • Variant term: RPG
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    A two by two grid with individual stores plotted in relation to one another against two axis’s of CR and Traffic. A further dimension can be added to denote ATV by the size of the store bubble. this can be used to determine high level approaches to be applied to the stores, more marketing perhaps or greater operational execution.

  • Term: Retail Traffic Index

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: RTI

    A tracker of Footfall data. Comparing one’s own data, versus the equivalent aggregated data of the industry/industry sector/industry region.

  • Term: Single Channel Retail

    • Variant term: Bricks & Clicks, Omni-Channel
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    A phrase used to link up a physical store with an online ecommerce proposition.

  • Term: TILL TENSILLITY

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: TT

    Number of shoppers/number of tills open in a defined time bucket.

  • Term: SHOPPER INDIVIDUAL

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Counting of every person who enters a store as a potential customer, which will affect the calculation of the CR%.

  • Term: SHOPPER GROUP

    • Variant term: Buying group
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Not every person who enters a store is a potential customer. For example, in a lingerie shop a husband and wife will enter, in most cases just one purchase or transaction will be made even though two individuals were counted. Using in built logic of the more sophisticated counting devices, this can be deemed to be a shopper group of one and thus will affect the CR % achieved.

  • Term: PLANOGRAM

    • Variant term: plano-grams, plan-o-grams, schematics
    • Acronyms used: PGO

    Visual representation of where products in a store should be situated.

  • Term: POP UP SHOP

    • Variant term: Pop up
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Setting up a temporary shop or retail space that can be used to test new concepts, brands ranges and to increase brand awareness in a new market.

  • Term: POWER HOURS

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    These are the Peak sales hours and can be viewed by opportunity, traffic or by best Conversion period or best sales period, there is often a variance. By understanding these areas using statistical distribution the periods can be factually understood and acted upon to maximise returns.

  • Term: TRAFFIC

    • Variant term: Footfall
    • Acronyms used: FF

    The count of individual customers, either shopper Individuals or Shopper groups, entering a location over a defined time period. Typically derived from automated electronic counting devices at entrance thresholds.

  • Term: STAFF STRETCH

    • Variant term: Staff Ratio
    • Acronyms used: SS

    Is the measure of customers to staff over a defined time period, calculated as: Staff Stretch = the number of customers / the number of staff.

  • Term: STOCK KEEPING UNIT

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: SKUs

    A distinct type of item for sale (as defined in the retailer inventory management system). The SKU is intended as the most granular level when dealing with inventory.

  • Term: QUARTERLY SETS

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Traffic data viewed over a 13 week period.

  • Term: SUGGESTIVE SELLING

    • Variant term: Cross Merchandising
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    A way of encouraging customers to buy additional items to their original intended purchase, an example would be when buying a suit it is common practice to suggest complimentary shirts and ties to increase the basket value.

  • Term: S-COMMERCE

    • Variant term: Social selling
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    Using social media to drive the sales of goods, whether on or offline.

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U-Y

  • Term: UNITS PER TRANSACTION

    • Variant term: N/A
    • Acronyms used: UPT

    Is the measure of the number of individual items in a single sales transaction.

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Z-Z

  • Term: ZONAL

    • Variant term: Departments, Aisles
    • Acronyms used: N/A

    The traffic and dwell in defined areas, such as departments or aisles

    Would you like to find out more about any of the Retail Analytics terms? Just get in touch with us!

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